Between 2002 and 2007, a LIF lidar operated during several Atlantic passages, including voyages aboard R/V Akademik Ioffe. Measurements of chlorophyll-a, CDOM, and suspended matter were taken in open-ocean waters from the equatorial Atlantic towards the Labrador Sea and the approaches to the Southern Ocean.
These legs include oligotrophic Case-1 waters with chlorophyll-a typically between 0.08 and 0.2 µg/L. Stations were distributed over long distances, producing a basin-scale record of optical conditions.